Fenugreek - Side Effects, Uses and Benefits
What Is Fenugreek?
Fenugreek can be described as an annual herb that has small white flowers and leaves. It's part of the pea family (Fabaceae) and also known as Greek hay (Trigonella foenum-graecum).
Fenugreek plants are about 2 to 3 feet tall. Seed pods have 10-20 small yellow-brown, pungent, aromatic seeds.
Fenugreek seeds have a somewhat bitter taste, similar to celery, maple syrup or burnt sugar, and are often used to make medicine. When cooked, however, the taste is far better.
The graecum seeds, which are usually dried and ground, are the most widely used part of fenugreek. The leaves are often used in cooking as well.
Fenugreek is a natural remedy for inflammation. It can be taken orally. Fenugreek oil can also be used to make soaps and cosmetics.
As noted in the book "Essential Oils in Food Preservation, Flavor and Safety," fenugreek extract and oil are known to possess antimicrobial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and antitumorigenic activities. It is widely grown in India, North Africa and the Middle East.
The fenugreek herb acts as a gum and an emulsifier, making it useful as a stabilizer as well as thickening agent for food. It's also used as a spice and flavoring agent in food preparation.
Nutrition Facts
One serving -- 1 tablespoon -- of fenugreek seeds contains:
35.5 calories
Carbohydrates: 6.8 grams
2.5 grams protein
Fat of 0.7 grams
Fiber content: 2.7 grams
3.7mgs iron (20% DV).
0.1 milligram manganese (7 percent DV)
Copper 0.1 mg (6 percent DV).
21 mgs of magnesium (5 percent DV).
32.6 milligrams phosphorus (3 percent DV)
0.1 milligram vitamin B6 (3 percent DV)
Health Benefits
While more research is needed in terms of identifying and confirming all of the plant's benefits, this herb has been shown to help with numerous health issues. Here are nine of the most proven fenugreek benefits.
1. It can improve digestion and cholesterol levels
This herb is good for digestive problems such as constipation, upset stomach, and inflammation. Research shows that fenugreek among other foods has water-soluble fiber which helps with constipation.
It also works to improve digestion and is often incorporated in an ulcerative colitis diet treatment plan due to its anti-inflammatory effects. It appears that this herb can benefit people with heart conditions such as hardening the arteries or high blood levels for certain fats like cholesterol and triglycerides.
It also shows potential for helping those who are diabetic. In fact, a study out of India showed that administering 2.5 grams of fenugreek supplement twice daily for three months to people dealing with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus significantly lowered cholesterol naturally, along with triglycerides, without affecting HDL cholesterol.
2. Combats Inflammation Inside the Body
Fenugreek helps with inflammation within the body, which is responsible for health issues and diseases like:
Mouth ulcers
Boils
Bronchitis
Infection of the tissues under the skin
Tuberculosis
Chronic coughs
Cancer
Kidney disease
These herbal remedies may have preventive effects. However, they are also believed to lower blood sugar. They could also be beneficial for managing other metabolic and nutritive disorders like diabetes. A 2017 study showed that the simple addition of fenugreek to a diet plan and exercise can have a synergistic impact on fasting glucose levels.
The study involved 10 grams of seeds that were soaked in hot, boiling water daily for patients with type 2.
Fenugreek may slow the absorption sugars in your stomach and stimulate insulin. Traditional Chinese Medicine calls Fenugreek a "phlegm-mover" because it is said to help break down stuck energies, and decrease inflammation.
International Immunopharmacology published research that confirmed the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of fenugreek. The study also showed that fenugreek may have a beneficial effect on adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats, which could indicate that this herb may be a natural treatment for arthritis.
3. Helps Increase Libido in Men
Men can use fenugreek to treat hernias, erectile disorder, and other problems such as baldness. It may also increase testosterone and sexual arousal.
It is best to consult a doctor before you use natural therapies to treat disease or improve sexual performance. However, fenugreek seeds, fenugreek tea, and tablets have been shown by studies to increase sexual desire, performance, and naturally cure impotence.
In a study published in Phytotherapy Research, 60 men between the ages of 25 and 52 years with no history of erectile dysfunction were supplemented with either a placebo or 600 milligrams of fenugreek extract per day for six weeks.
Through self-evaluation, the participants noted their results with fenugreek, reporting that the fenugreek dietary supplement had a positive effect on their libidos. The study concluded that fenugreek extract had a significant effect on sexual arousal and energy, and helped participants maintain their normal testosterone levels.
4. Encourages breastfeeding by increasing milk flow
Fenugreek can also be used to help breastfeeding mothers who have low milk supply. Galactagogues can boost breast milk production.
Galactagogues help increase milk supply. They can stimulate milk ducts and increase milk production within 24 hours.
While further research is necessary to determine the exact safety and efficacy fenugreek has for breast milk production, many scientific journals have published studies that show its effectiveness in promoting milk flow.
While this may be a benefit from fenugreek, it is not the only way to increase breast milk production. Researchers recommend that women seek out help from a lactation specialist if they are having problems.
5. It can be used to treat skin, scalp and wound issues
Fenugreek can be used externally to treat inflammation and reduce internal inflammation. Research indicates that this reduces external inflammation and can treat:
Swelling and pain in the lymph nodes and muscles
Gout
Wounds
Leg ulcers
Sciatica
Dandruff
Eczema
To ensure the area does not become further inflamed or burn, it is important to first test it.
There are also fenugreek benefits for hair. Anecdotal evidence suggests that fenugreek seeds powder and tea can be applied to your hair to stimulate hair growth and improve hair texture.
6. Adds Flavor and Spice to Food
Fenugreek is a common ingredient in Indian food, especially curried dishes. It can also be used to flavor imitation maple syrup, food, beverages, and tobacco.
In addition, fenugreek leaves can be used in salads, and both fresh and dried leaves are used in Indian cookery.
7. It helps increase appetite
Fenugreek is not only a flavor enhancer, but it also has appetite stimulators that can be used to improve digestion and other nutritive properties.
A study published in Pharmacology, Biochemistry, and Behavior was designed to investigate the effects of a fenugreek seed extract on feeding behavior. Experiments were performed to determine food consumption and motivation to eat, as well as metabolic-endocrine changes.
The results showed that chronic oral administration of the fenugreek extract significantly increased food intake and the motivation to eat. However, the report did not show that the treatment can prevent or reduce anorexia.
8. May enhance exercise performance
Journal of Sports Science and Medicine reported a study on the effects of fenugreek and creatine supplementation on strength and body composition of men.
47 resistance-trained men were split into two groups based on their body weight. The men were then given either 70g of a placebo dextrose, 5g of creatine, 70g of dextrose or 3.5g of creatine. They also had to take 900 mgs of fenugreek and participate in a periodized resistance training program that lasts for four days.
Body composition, muscular strength endurance and anaerobic capacity of participants were tested. The creatine/fenugreek-group showed significant improvements in leg press strength, bench press, and lean mass.
Study concluded that creatine supplementation with fenugreek oil supplementation had a significant effect on body composition and upper body strength as well as dextrose.
What makes this so special? Fenugreek may work well with creatine supplementation to increase creatine uptake. It may also eliminate the need to consume excessive amounts of simple carbs. You might want to add fenugreek to your list for the best pre-workout foods.
9. Increases blood sugar
A clinical trial showed that ingestion of fenugreek seeds soaked in hot water shows promise as a complementary therapy in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.
Eight weeks passed before 11 of the 18 participants ate fenugreek seed soaked in hotwater, while seven others ate fenugreek seed mixed with yogurt. The participants who consumed the seeds soaked in hot water showed significant improvement in blood glucose levels compared with the group that ate the seeds mixed with yogurt.
What is fenugreek? - Dr. Axe
How to Use (Plus Recipes).
Fenugreek has a long history as both a culinary and medicinal herb in the ancient world. Fenugreek seed is commonly used in cooking and as a folk or traditional remedy for diabetes and loss of appetite, as well as to stimulate milk production in breastfeeding women.
To reduce inflammation, it can also be applied to the hair and skin.
These are the most popular uses of plants:
Breast milk production: Fenugreek tea or supplements may increase breast milk production, particularly in the first few days after childbirth.
Digestion: Fenugreek tea, seed powder or supplements may help aid digestive issues like constipation, upset stomach and loss of appetite.
Inflammation: Fenugreek oil can be applied topically to relieve pain and inflammation.
Cholesterol: There is limited evidence that fenugreek seeds or supplements can lower cholesterol levels.
Skin health: Fenugreek seed oil or powder can be applied topically to improve skin health, and decrease the symptoms of inflammatory diseases.
Hair health: Mix fenugreek seeds powder with coconut oil, aloe vera, and massage into your scalp. Allow it to sit for 5 minutes, then rinse.
Exercise performance: Although there is mixed research on fenugreek for testosterone levels, supplementing with the plant for eight weeks may improve exercise performance and decrease body fat.
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